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Native American Group Name: Shoshone Indians (Also known as the Snake Nation)
Culture: In the culture of the Shoshone Indians, all Shoshone men and women must cut their hair at the neck in a show of mourning. The Shoshone Indians have a rich culture to teach their children the history, language, and values of their ancestors. Every two years, the Shoshone Indians elected a new leader for the tribe. The Shoshones also hold cultural ceremonies, very similar to dances.
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Clothing: It was a culture that Shoshone clothing changed with the seasons, ranging from a simple a Breechcloth held on by ... View All
Native American Group Name: Shoshone Indians (Also known as the Snake Nation)
Culture: In the culture of the Shoshone Indians, all Shoshone men and women must cut their hair at the neck in a show of mourning. The Shoshone Indians have a rich culture to teach their children the history, language, and values of their ancestors. Every two years, the Shoshone Indians elected a new leader for the tribe. The Shoshones also hold cultural ceremonies, very similar to dances.
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Clothing: It was a culture that Shoshone clothing changed with the seasons, ranging from a simple a Breechcloth held on by a belt fastened around the waist for the men and aprons for the women to rabbit fur pants and jackets, and larger animal hides used as capes and coverings.The Shoshone indians wore clothing made of deer hides, and in very cold weather they wore robes made of buffalo.
Language: The Shoshonians spoke a language today called, Shoshoni. It is a Uto-Aztecan language of the western plateau. Shoshone is spoken across such a broad geographical region that it forms a 'dialect chain'--speakers of one Shoshone dialect can always understand the dialects of their neighbors, but not necessarily a more distant dialect. Taken together there are more than a thousand speakers of Shoshone dialects, which are still being learned by children today.
Art: Shoshone beadwork is well known on the contemporary powwow circuit, but the talents of numerous Shoshone artisans also includes basketry, games and toys, tools and weapons, hide paintings, and parfleche envelopes. As in all cultures, their art reflected their environment and the contacts they had with other cultures. Thus, art forms, materials, colors, patterns, etc., all changed and developed over time.
Food: The Shoshone diet included groundhog, jack rabbit, and other small mammals. Sometimes they had bird eggs. They used over 100 different types of seeds and plants. After the Shoshone got horses, they began hunting large game, such as deer, antelope, mountain sheep and bears. Because of horses they could go further to dig camas and other roots. The Shoshone-Bannock almost hunted the southeastern-Idaho bison to the point of extinction. When they ran out of bison in Idaho, they went to Wyoming and Montana to hunt bison. The Shoshone hunted mostly in the spring and the summer. Women gathered berries, roots, nuts, seeds, and insects. The men hunted for deer, squirrels, antelope, rabbits and water birds. When they hunted antelope and rabbits, they would surround the animals and herd them into nets to kill them. The Shoshone used snares and spring-pole traps, and pitfalls to trap animals. They used wooden and horn-bow and arrows to kill larger animals. Their arrows were made of obsidian.
Religion: The basis of the Shoshone religion was a belief in dreams, visions, and a Creator; and fostered individual self-reliance, courage, and the wisdom to meet life's problems in a difficult environment. Most of the Shoshone ceremonies are dances similar to the Great Basin Round Dances. The Bannocks shared the warfare practices of the Plains Indians, which included counting coups and taking scalps of enemies. They adopted the Scalp Dance from the plains tribes and during the reservation period began dancing the Sun Dance. Today the Sun Dance, a very important event especially to the Shoshone tribes of today, is held each summer.
Terrain: The Shoshone occupied what is today know as the states of California, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming, although most of them seemed to be settled in the Snake river area in Idaho. Historical documents from the Lewis & Clark expedition often refer to the Shoshone as the "Snake Indians"; the actual name "Shoshone" means "The Valley People" . The name means “inland”, or "in the valley". The terrain varied, but it went from high snow covered mountains in the northern Rockies, up to the flat land and valleys, where herds of buffalo's awaited their extinction. It was typically rainy, making the soil more fertile, but still, flat. Close All
Crater Lake is the deepest lake in the United States. It was formed more than 6,500 years ago. Its crystal-blue waters are world renowned.